2 英文參考
pestilence with petechiae[中醫藥學名詞審定委員會.中醫藥學名詞(2010)]
5 疫疹的症狀
疫疹見緊束有根、色紫或黑者爲熱盛毒重[2]。輕者一病即發,毒愈重則透發愈遲,有遲至四五日而仍不透者[2]。初起時,伴見惡寒發熱,頭痛如劈,甚則煩躁譫語,脣焦,舌起紅刺,脈數,或兼上嘔下泄等症[2]。
6 疫疹的辨證分型
6.1 疫疹·風熱傷絡證
疫疹·風熱傷絡證(pestilence with petechiae with syndrome of wind-heat injuring collaterals[2])是指感受瘟毒,風熱傷絡,以發熱,微惡風寒,頭痛咳嗽,突起肌膚紅疹,發無定處,多見於頭面四肢,舌尖紅,苔薄白或微黃,脈浮數等爲常見症的疫疹證候[2]。
6.2 疫疹·衛氣同病證
疫疹·衛氣同病證(pestilence with petechiae with syndrome of involving both defense and qi phases[2])是指感受瘟毒,衛氣同病,以發熱微惡風,無汗或少汗,頭痛身痛,顏面潮紅,疹色鮮紅或深紅,四肢倦怠,口微渴,舌邊尖紅,苔黃微膩,脈滑數等爲常見症的疫疹證候[2]。
6.3 疫疹·邪阻膜原證
疫疹·邪阻膜原證(pestilence with petechiae with syndrome of pathogen blocking pleuro-diaphragmatic interspace[2])是指瘟毒之邪遏阻膜原,以畏寒或寒戰,壯熱,繼而但熱不寒,頭痛且重,面目紅赤,疹粒顯現,肢體沉重酸楚,納呆,胸脘痞悶,嘔逆或嘔吐,穢氣噴人,腹滿脹痛,腹瀉或便祕,小便短赤,舌紅絳,苔白厚膩濁或白如積粉,脈濡數等爲常見症的疫疹證候[2]。
6.4 疫疹·熱迫營血證
疫疹·熱迫營血證(pestilence with petechiae with syndrome of toxin entering nutrient and blood phases[2])是指瘟毒熱邪,內迫營血,以壯熱,日晡益甚,口渴引飲,煩躁不寧或腹滿便祕,癍色紅赤,甚或紫黑,初見於胸膺部,迅速發展至背、腹及四肢等處,舌紅,苔黃燥,甚或乾裂,脈洪大或沉實等爲常見症的疫疹證候[2]。
6.5 疫疹·氣營兩燔證
疫疹·氣營兩燔證(pestilence with petechiae with syndrome of blazing heat in both qi and nutrient phases[2])又稱疫疹·氣血兩燔證,疫疹·毒燔氣營證,疫疹·毒燔氣血證,是指瘟毒熱盛,氣營(血)兩燔,以壯熱,頭痛如劈,兩目昏瞀,骨節煩痛,身如被杖,或狂躁譫妄,口渴引飲,或驚厥抽搐,或吐血衄血,癍色深紫,疏密不勻,舌絳苔焦,脈浮大數或沉細數等爲常見症的疫疹證候[2]。
6.6 疫疹·血熱妄行證
疫疹·血熱妄行證(pestilence with petechiae with syndrome of bleeding due to blood heat[2])是指瘟毒熱盛,迫血妄行,以身熱,心煩失眠,癍疹連結成片,顏色紫赤,或兼有鼻衄、齒衄、便血、月經妄行,舌深絳紫暗,脈數等爲常見症的疫疹證候[2]。
6.7 疫疹·邪犯肝心證
疫疹·邪犯肝心證(pestilence with petechiae with syndrome of pathogen invading liver and heart[2])是指瘟毒熱邪,內犯肝心,以身灼熱,肢厥,神昏譫語或昏聵不語,頸項強直,牙關緊閉,兩目上視,手足抽搐,嘔吐頻作,癍疹紫黑,舌紅絳,脈細數等爲常見症的疫疹證候[2]。
6.8 疫疹·正氣暴脫證
疫疹·正氣暴脫證(pestilence with petechiae with syndrome of sudden collapse of vital qi[2])是指正氣暴脫,以身熱驟降,面色蒼白,氣短息微,大汗不止,四肢溼冷,煩亂不安或神昏譫語,癍疹暗晦或突然隱退,或見各種出血,舌淡紅,脈微欲絕等爲常見症的疫疹證候[2]。
6.9 疫疹·餘邪未淨證
疫疹·餘邪未淨證(pestilence with petechiae with syndrome of lingering remnant pathogen[2])是指餘邪未淨,以癍疹漸退,低熱,頭目不清,疲倦乏力,脘痞納呆,小便短少,舌苔未淨,脈細微數等爲常見症的疫疹證候[2]。